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后来不久，友谊出版公司也出了一个译本，名为《女人是什么》，这个译本的译文要比台湾译本准确和流畅多了，只可惜它也只译了《第二性》的第二卷。 由于上述原因，国内目前还没有出版过《第二性》的全译本，虽然近十几年来我国妇女研究画业在逢勃发展，广大女人工作者、妇女理论研究者以及许多关心妇女问题的人，都希望能及早看到《第二性》的全译本。 本书分上下两卷，第一卷主要是从女性群体的角度去讨论女人问题，是全书的理论框架。 作者首先从生物学的角度探讨了雌雄两性的性生活，从最简单的单细胞动物一直到复杂的哺乳动物，详细论述了单性生殖和有性生殖的种种表现，揭示了动物界当中出现的雌雄分体、雌雄同体、雌雄间体和雌雄嵌体的有趣现象，认为单性生殖和有性生殖具有同等重要的作用、驳斥了将女性等同于子宫或卵巢的观点。 接着，作者介绍了精神分析学的妇女观，认为弗洛伊德的所谓的“恋父情结”，是根据他依照男性模式得出的“恋母情结”炮制出来的，实际上女性是否存在“恋父情结”，大可质疑；从而批判了弗洛伊德的以男性为中心的、把女性的生理、心理和处境归结为“性”的“性一元论”。 作者也论述了马克思主义的妇女观，认为马克思主义有关妇女的论述，对妇女理论的发展作出了重大的贡献，尤其是私有制或世袭财产的私有制的出现，是妇女受压迫的一个根本性根源的观点，对研究妇女的历史和现状更是起到了奠基性的作用。作者认为，从经济角度研究妇女，是历史的一大进步，社会主义制度终将消灭男女不平等的现象，但“经济一元论”也是有其局限性的。 作者还用大量篇幅论述了从原始社会到社会主义社会（苏联社会），妇女的处境、权利与地位的变化，揭示了许多鲜为人知的历史事实。 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女人，为我们熟知而又陌生，自从地球有人类以来，她就成为永恒的主题，备受人们的赞誉、诅咒和诋毁。 伟大的女人和伟大的男人一样崇高、神圣；险恶的女人和狠毒的男人一样凶残、卑鄙。 第二性―人类求索中的女性哲学。向所有读者，无论是男性，还是女性，揭示了当代妇女面临的问题；生命的自由、堕胎、卖淫和两性的平等。 当代妇女问题探寻 历史与永恒的品味 译者前言 《第二性》的作者西蒙娜？德？波伏娃（Simonede Beauvior.1908-1986）是当代法国最杰出的存在主义的女权作家，也是学识渊博的女学问家。 她是存在主义哲学的创始人之一萨特的终身伴侣，他们虽然共同生活了50年，却没有结婚，因为“我们认为，按照我们的信念行事，认可这种非正式的婚姻状态，是合乎道德的”（引自《波伏娃自传》，第二卷）。 1943年，波伏娃的长篇小说《女宾》问世，从此，她一越而成为作家。 1945年，她以反法西斯为主题的小说《他人的血》出版，在法国引起强烈反响，她的作家才华得到公认，在短短的两年中，这部小说就再版了32次。 战后，她把主要精力放在妇女研究方面，1946－1949年，全力以赴地投入了《第二性》的创作，1949年，《第二性》在法国出版，立即轰动一时，被誉为“有史以来的讨论女人的最健全、最理智、最有智慧的一本书”，甚至被尊为西方妇女的“圣经”，从而成为西方女权主义的理论经典。 1952年，该书被译成英文，在美国一版再版，成为当时美国的最为畅销的书籍之一。此后，该书被许多国家出版，成为各国妇女研究者的必读之书。 1986年，我国湖南文艺出版社在国内第一次出版了《第二性》的第二卷，书名为《第二性－女人》。 由于这个版本是根据台湾译本印制的，书中除有些术语和内地不尽相同外（如把“无产者”译成“普罗大众”），有些哲学性的论述被删节，也有的地方被望文生义，给读者造成明显的误解。 后来不久，友谊出版公司也出了一个译本，名为《女人是什么》，这个译本的译文要比台湾译本准确和流畅多了，只可惜它也只译了《第二性》的第二卷。 由于上述原因，国内目前还没有出版过《第二性》的全译本，虽然近十几年来我国妇女研究画业在逢勃发展，广大女人工作者、妇女理论研究者以及许多关心妇女问题的人，都希望能及早看到《第二性》的全译本。 本书分上下两卷，第一卷主要是从女性群体的角度去讨论女人问题，是全书的理论框架。 作者首先从生物学的角度探讨了雌雄两性的性生活，从最简单的单细胞动物一直到复杂的哺乳动物，详细论述了单性生殖和有性生殖的种种表现，揭示了动物界当中出现的雌雄分体、雌雄同体、雌雄间体和雌雄嵌体的有趣现象，认为单性生殖和有性生殖具有同等重要的作用、驳斥了将女性等同于子宫或卵巢的观点。 接着，作者介绍了精神分析学的妇女观，认为弗洛伊德的所谓的“恋父情结”，是根据他依照男性模式得出的“恋母情结”炮制出来的，实际上女性是否存在“恋父情结”，大可质疑；从而批判了弗洛伊德的以男性为中心的、把女性的生理、心理和处境归结为“性”的“性一元论”。 作者也论述了马克思主义的妇女观，认为马克思主义有关妇女的论述，对妇女理论的发展作出了重大的贡献，尤其是私有制或世袭财产的私有制的出现，是妇女受压迫的一个根本性根源的观点，对研究妇女的历史和现状更是起到了奠基性的作用。作者认为，从经济角度研究妇女，是历史的一大进步，社会主义制度终将消灭男女不平等的现象，但“经济一元论”也是有其局限性的。 作者还用大量篇幅论述了从原始社会到社会主义社会（苏联社会），妇女的处境、权利与地位的变化，揭示了许多鲜为人知的历史事实。 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